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How to Deal With the Credit Bureaus
The first step to do-it-yourself credit repairs, is for a consumer to contact the three major national credit bureaus that retain information about the consumer's personal credit history.
The three major national credit bureaus--TRW, Equifax and Trans Union Corporation-- share their information with local credit bureaus.
Consumers have the right to find out the nature and substance of the information the credit reporting agencies maintain on them. You can do this by requesting a copy of your report. TRW reports are free. Equifax and Trans Union charge $8 each. If you have been denied credit, insurance, or employment within the last 60 days based on a report from a credit bureau, that bureau must make the required disclosures free of charge. You can also visit a credit bureau in person to review your report. Trans Union Corp. maintains an office in Rego Park, Queens.
To obtain access to your credit file, you must provide proper identification to a credit bureau, which usually includes:
- Your full name, including middle initial, and any additional title such as Jr., Sr., II, etc.
- Current address, including zip code.
- Day and nighttime telephone number.
- Previous addresses, with zip codes, for the last five years.
- Current place of employment.
- Social security number.
- Date of birth.
- Spouse's name, where applicable.
- Photocopy of a utility bill or driver's license with the address the report should be mailed to--they will be sent only to home addresses.
- A copy of the letter declining credit based on the credit bureau report, if you were denied credit.
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addresses and phone numbers for the three national credit bureaus:
| TRW TRW Complimentary Credit Report Request P.O. Box 2350 Chatsworth, CA 91313-2350 (800) 682-7654 |
Trans Union, Corp. National Consumer Relations Disclosure Center P.O. Box 390 Springfield, PA 19064-0390 (7-) 459--00 (reports by mail) (7-) 896-9525 (on-site visits) |
Equifax Inc. Information Service Center P.O. Box 105873 Atlanta, GA 30348 (800) 685-1111 |
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There is no special formula to correcting inaccurate or incomplete information, or to improving the accuracy of the data provided to prospective creditors in personal credit reports.
It is prudent for consumers to check their own credit report periodically--every one to two years --to insure that the personal credit information being disseminated to creditors is correct. A credit report may contain errors which can affect a consumer's chances of obtaining credit, and even employment. A consumer who is denied credit, insurance or employment based on information in a credit report must be told the name and address of the credit reporting agency which supplied the report.
If a consumer finds inaccurate or incomplete information in a credit report, the consumer has a right to dispute it. The consumer should notify a reporting agency in writing, and state as specifically as possible why any information in the file is inaccurate or incomplete. A consumer should include as much background and written verification as possible. The notification then triggers the credit bureau's obligation to promptly reinvestigate. A consumer may also want to contact the creditor directly to determine if the creditor's records are inaccurate as well.
By law, a credit bureau must correct any mistake or delete any information it cannot verify. If the credit bureau later receives verification of the disputed information, however, it will place the information back in a consumer's report and will notify the consumer by mail. Under the New York law, a credit reporting agency cannot maintain in its file or report any information which it has "reason to know" is inaccurate. That makes it particularly vital for you to notify a reporting agency about inaccurate information. Notifying a credit reporting agency about inaccurate information that is contained in their report can give the firm "reason to know," and a firm's subsequent failure to act on such notification could make it liable for failing to comply with the law.
If an item is incomplete, the credit bureau must complete it. If an item is erroneous, the credit bureau must correct it. The credit bureau must also send copies of a consumer's corrected report to any creditor who has checked that consumer's credit file in the past six months.
If the credit reporting agency does not resolve the dispute, you are entitled to file a statement with the credit bureau of up to 100 words that describes your position on each item of disputed information. These statements must be included in each future copy of the consumer's credit report. Again, this requirement does not apply if the reporting agency reasonably believes a dispute is frivolous.
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